{"id":1664,"date":"2021-10-02T17:52:32","date_gmt":"2021-10-02T21:52:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/inho.agenceanicca.com\/haiti-ou-lon-en-est\/"},"modified":"2021-10-02T17:52:33","modified_gmt":"2021-10-02T21:52:33","slug":"haiti-ou-lon-en-est","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/investirdanslhomme.org\/fr\/haiti-ou-lon-en-est\/","title":{"rendered":"Ha\u00efti : o\u00f9 l&rsquo;on en est?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"background-color: rgba(255,255,255,0);background-position: left top;background-repeat: no-repeat;border-width: 0px 0px 0px 0px;border-color:#eae9e9;border-style:solid;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"max-width:1216.8px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\" style=\"background-position:left top;background-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-background-size:cover;-moz-background-size:cover;-o-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;\"><style type=\"text\/css\">@media only screen and (max-width:1024px) {.fusion-title.fusion-title-1{margin-top:0px!important; margin-right:0px!important;margin-bottom:31px!important;margin-left:0px!important;}}@media only screen and (max-width:640px) {.fusion-title.fusion-title-1{margin-top:0px!important; margin-right:0px!important;margin-bottom:20px!important; margin-left:0px!important;}}<\/style><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-1 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-three\" style=\"margin-top:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:31px;margin-left:0px;\"><h3 class=\"title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;line-height:1;\"><p class=\"wsb-post-title\">Ha\u00efti, la premi\u00e8re r\u00e9publique noire du monde, la terre de la libert\u00e9 ; 216 ans d\u2019histoire. O\u00f9 l\u2019on en est ?<\/p><\/h3><\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator\" style=\"align-self: flex-start;margin-right:auto;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:30px;width:100%;max-width:200px;\"><div class=\"fusion-separator-border sep-single sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#fec96b;border-top-width:3px;\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\"><p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">La r\u00e9volution Ha\u00eftienne, qui a accouch\u00e9 la proclamation de l\u2019ind\u00e9pendance de la premi\u00e8re r\u00e9publique noire du monde le premier janvier 1804, est, sans aucun doute, l\u2019une des plus grandes r\u00e9volutions de l\u2019histoire de l\u2019humanit\u00e9. Elle occupe ce rang parce qu\u2019elle est \u00e0 la fois anticolonialiste, antis\u00e9gr\u00e9gationniste et anti-esclavagiste. Ce qui fait d\u2019elle une r\u00e9volution\u00a0<b><strong>Sui generis<\/strong><\/b>\u00a0au monde entier. Faisant r\u00e9f\u00e9rence aux deux r\u00e9volutions qui la pr\u00e9c\u00e8dent, \u00e0 savoir\u00a0: la r\u00e9volution am\u00e9ricaine de 1776 qui \u00e9tait purement politique, celle de la France de 1789 ne profitait qu\u2019\u00e0 la bourgeoisie.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">En d\u00e9finitive, c\u2019est la r\u00e9volution ha\u00eftienne qui a traduit, dans les faits, toutes les belles id\u00e9es de libert\u00e9 et d\u2019\u00e9galit\u00e9 o\u00f9 tous les droits consacr\u00e9s dans la premi\u00e8re constitution am\u00e9ricaine de 1787 et dans la d\u00e9claration des droits de l\u2019homme et du citoyen de 1789. Car l\u2019esclavage est encore rest\u00e9 une institution sacr\u00e9e pour la France et le sud des Etats-Unis d\u2019Am\u00e9rique pendant des d\u00e9cennies apr\u00e8s l\u2019ind\u00e9pendance d\u2019Ha\u00efti. Les esclaves de Saint-Domingue ont donc donn\u00e9 un sens \u00e0 la notion de la libert\u00e9 de la personne humaine comme dimension ontologique des droits de l\u2019homme.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">En ce qui a trait \u00e0 la dimension anticolonialiste de la r\u00e9volution ha\u00eftienne, nous tenons seulement \u00e0 rappeler que la colonisation est une pratique des grandes puissances, qui consid\u00e8rent que l\u2019occupation d\u2019origine est insuffisante, qu\u2019il faut aller \u00e0 la conqu\u00eate d&rsquo;autres territoires.\u00a0 Ainsi la colonisation de Saint-Domingue a eu lieu \u00e0 la fin du XV<sup>\u00e8me<\/sup>\u00a0si\u00e8cle, au moment o\u00f9 les Espagnoles ont commenc\u00e9 leur conqu\u00eate de l\u2019Am\u00e9rique.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Apr\u00e8s 312 ans de colonisation partag\u00e9e entre l\u2019Espagne et la France, car Saint-Domingue \u00e9tait devenue colonie fran\u00e7aise en 1625, les esclaves Saint-dominguois se sont rebell\u00e9s contre le syst\u00e8me colonial. La bataille de Verti\u00e8re du 18 novembre 1803 marque la fin de l\u2019histoire pour les fran\u00e7ais. Cette affaire de Saint-Domingue comme colonie fran\u00e7aise est une page tourn\u00e9e.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L\u2019esclavage est une institution aussi vielle que le monde. Cette pratique ne vise pas sp\u00e9cifiquement la race noire mais c\u2019est une pratique des grandes puissances qui consiste \u00e0 r\u00e9duire d\u2019autres peuples impuissants en servitude. Les esclaves sont donc d\u00e9shumanis\u00e9s. Ils perdent toute leur dignit\u00e9 humaine. C\u2019est ici la toute premi\u00e8re d\u00e9marcation de la r\u00e9volution ha\u00eftienne de celle des USA, car les am\u00e9ricains maintenaient l\u2019esclavage apr\u00e8s avoir pris leur ind\u00e9pendance. Or le premier janvier 1804, journ\u00e9e marquant la proclamation de l\u2019ind\u00e9pendance, Ha\u00efti devient automatiquement la terre de la libert\u00e9. Tout homme se trouvant sur le sol ha\u00eftien est libre comme tous les hommes.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nous sommes maintenant arriv\u00e9s \u00e0 cette caract\u00e9ristique de la r\u00e9volution ha\u00eftienne qui est \u00e0 la base de l\u2019hostilit\u00e9 des grandes puissances de l\u2019\u00e9poque contre le jeune Etat noir. Angleterre, l\u2019Espagne, la France, la Hollande et le Portugal \u00e9taient tr\u00e8s hostiles \u00e0 ce nouvel Etat. Le ministre des Affaires Etrang\u00e8res fran\u00e7ais d\u00e9clarait en 1804 qu\u2019il allait faire cuire dans sa peau ce pays de n\u00e8gre.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L\u2019Angleterre interdisait tout \u00e9change entre ses colonies de l\u2019Am\u00e9rique avec Ha\u00efti. C\u2019est-\u00e0-dire que le nouvel Etat est victime d\u2019un blocus commercial. Alors que l\u2019Angleterre, aux 18<sup>\u00e8me<\/sup>\u00a0et 19<sup>\u00e8me<\/sup>\u00a0si\u00e8cle, \u00e9tait la reine de la mer. L\u2019Angleterre appliquait ce blocus contre Ha\u00efti dans le but de prot\u00e9ger ses colonies voisines du nouvel Etat.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Les USA qui n\u2019\u00e9taient pas encore une puissance mais quand m\u00eame un Etat voisin d\u2019Ha\u00efti, premier Etat libre du continent am\u00e9ricain ne voulaient aucun rapport avec cet Etat n\u00e8gre qu\u2019est Ha\u00efti pour la simple et bonne raison qu\u2019ils entendaient prot\u00e9ger leurs int\u00e9r\u00eats esclavagistes. Pour illustrer l\u2019\u00e9tat d\u2019esprit des dirigeants am\u00e9ricains de l\u2019\u00e9poque, on rapporte la d\u00e9claration d\u2019un s\u00e9nateur qui disait qu\u2019il \u00e9tait dangereux d\u2019avoir des relations diplomatiques avec un Etat n\u00e8gre car la pr\u00e9sence, \u00e0 Washington, d\u2019ambassadeurs noirs pouvait inciter les esclaves n\u00e8gres \u00e0 se rebeller contre le syst\u00e8me.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tout compte fait, la victoire des esclaves de Saint-Domingue sur l\u2019arm\u00e9e de Napol\u00e9on peut \u00eatre consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme la cons\u00e9quence de l\u2019ignorance, du m\u00e9pris ou tout simplement du refus des blancs d\u2019admettre que les noirs \u00e9taient eux aussi des humains dot\u00e9s d\u2019une intelligence, de dignit\u00e9 et des droits sacr\u00e9s et inali\u00e9nables. Quand ils ont compris la strat\u00e9gie des esclaves, il \u00e9tait malheureusement trop tard pour arr\u00eater le train de la vengeance et de la libert\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">La r\u00e9volution de Saint Domingue a accouch\u00e9 ce pays qu\u2019on appelle Ha\u00efti\u00a0; premi\u00e8re r\u00e9publique noire du monde, le deuxi\u00e8me Etat libre du continent am\u00e9ricain si l\u2019on consid\u00e8re les Etats-Unis comme le tout premier.\u00a0 Apr\u00e8s 216 ans de luttes intestines internes visant la prise et le maintien du pouvoir politique, qu\u2019avons-nous fait de cette libert\u00e9\u00a0?<\/p>\n<p>Jean Emmanuel EMILE, \u00e9tudiant finissant en Relations Internationales, CEDI<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"align-self: center;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:20px;width:100%;\"><\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-0{width:100% !important;margin-top : 0px;margin-bottom : 20px;}.fusion-builder-column-0 > .fusion-column-wrapper {padding-top : 0px !important;padding-right : 0px !important;margin-right : 1.92%;padding-bottom : 0px !important;padding-left : 0px !important;margin-left : 1.92%;}@media only screen and (max-width:1024px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-0{width:100% !important;}.fusion-builder-column-0 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 1.92%;margin-left : 1.92%;}}@media only screen and (max-width:640px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-0{width:100% !important;}.fusion-builder-column-0 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 1.92%;margin-left : 1.92%;}}<\/style><\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-flex-container.fusion-builder-row-1{ padding-top : 120px;margin-top : 0px;padding-right : 0px;padding-bottom : 0px;margin-bottom : 0px;padding-left : 0px;}<\/style><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-2 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"background-color: rgba(255,255,255,0);background-position: left top;background-repeat: no-repeat;border-width: 0px 0px 0px 0px;border-color:#eae9e9;border-style:solid;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"max-width:1216.8px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-1 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-flex-column\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\" style=\"background-position:left top;background-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-background-size:cover;-moz-background-size:cover;-o-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"align-self: center;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;width:100%;\"><\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-1{width:20% !important;margin-top : 0px;margin-bottom : 20px;}.fusion-builder-column-1 > .fusion-column-wrapper {padding-top : 0px !important;padding-right : 0px !important;margin-right : 9.6%;padding-bottom : 0px !important;padding-left : 0px !important;margin-left : 9.6%;}@media only screen and (max-width:1024px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-1{width:100% !important;}.fusion-builder-column-1 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 1.92%;margin-left : 1.92%;}}@media only screen and (max-width:640px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-1{width:100% !important;}.fusion-builder-column-1 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 1.92%;margin-left : 1.92%;}}<\/style><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-2 fusion_builder_column_3_5 3_5 fusion-flex-column\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\" style=\"background-position:left top;background-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-background-size:cover;-moz-background-size:cover;-o-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-sharing-box fusion-sharing-box-1 boxed-icons\" style=\"background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0);padding:0;margin-top:60px;\" data-title=\"Ha\u00efti : o\u00f9 l&rsquo;on en est?\" data-description=\"Ha\u00efti, la premi\u00e8re r\u00e9publique noire du monde, la terre de la libert\u00e9 ; 216 ans d\u2019histoire. 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style=\"max-width:calc( 1170px + 0px );margin-left: calc(-0px \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-0px \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-4 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\" style=\"background-position:left top;background-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-background-size:cover;-moz-background-size:cover;-o-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;padding: 0px 11% 0px 11%;\"><style type=\"text\/css\">@media only screen and (max-width:1024px) {.fusion-title.fusion-title-2{margin-top:0px!important; margin-right:0px!important;margin-bottom:31px!important;margin-left:0px!important;}}@media only screen and (max-width:640px) {.fusion-title.fusion-title-2{margin-top:0px!important; margin-right:0px!important;margin-bottom:20px!important; margin-left:0px!important;}}<\/style><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-2 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-center fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\" style=\"margin-top:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:31px;margin-left:0px;\"><h2 class=\"title-heading-center\" style=\"margin:0;color:#ffffff;line-height:1;\">CHANGE A LIFE TODAY<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator\" style=\"align-self: center;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:40px;width:100%;max-width:200px;\"><div class=\"fusion-separator-border sep-single sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#fec96b;border-top-width:3px;\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-2\"><p style=\"text-align: center; font-size: 24px; color: #fff; font-weight: 300;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">You can sponsor a child so they may participate in the scholarship program. The cost is $25USD per year which is about $32CAD.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">We send sponsors a picture of the student as well as a letter from the student. We also keep the sponsor informed of the student\u2019s progress.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"align-self: center;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:25px;width:100%;\"><\/div><div style=\"text-align:center;\"><style>.fusion-body .fusion-button.button-1 .fusion-button-text,.fusion-body .fusion-button.button-1 i{color:#ffffff;}.fusion-body .fusion-button.button-1{border-color:#ffffff;border-width:2px 2px 2px 2px;border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;background:rgba(254,201,107,0);}.fusion-body .fusion-button.button-1:hover .fusion-button-text,.fusion-body .fusion-button.button-1:hover i,.fusion-body .fusion-button.button-1:focus .fusion-button-text,.fusion-body .fusion-button.button-1:focus i,.fusion-body .fusion-button.button-1:active .fusion-button-text,.fusion-body .fusion-button.button-1:active i{color:#fec96b;}.fusion-body .fusion-button.button-1:hover,.fusion-body .fusion-button.button-1:active,.fusion-body .fusion-button.button-1:focus{border-color:#fec96b;border-width:2px 2px 2px 2px;background:rgba(0,0,0,0);}<\/style><a class=\"fusion-button button-flat fusion-button-default-size button-custom button-1 fusion-button-default-span fusion-button-default-type\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/investirdanslhomme.org\/inho-programs\/scholarship-programs\/#Sponsor\"><span class=\"fusion-button-text\">Sponsor a child now!<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-4{width:100% !important;margin-top : 0px;margin-bottom : 20px;}.fusion-builder-column-4 > .fusion-column-wrapper {padding-top : 0px !important;padding-right : 11% !important;margin-right : 0px;padding-bottom : 0px !important;padding-left : 11% !important;margin-left : 0px;}@media only screen and (max-width:1024px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-4{width:100% !important;}.fusion-builder-column-4 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 0px;margin-left : 0px;}}@media only screen and (max-width:640px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-4{width:100% !important;}.fusion-builder-column-4 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 0px;margin-left : 0px;}}<\/style><\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-flex-container.fusion-builder-row-3{ padding-top : 150px;margin-top : 0px;padding-right : 0px;padding-bottom : 150px;margin-bottom : 0px;padding-left : 0px;}<\/style><\/div>\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La r\u00e9volution Ha\u00eftienne, qui a accouch\u00e9 la proclamation de l\u2019ind\u00e9pendance de la premi\u00e8re r\u00e9publique noire du monde le premier janvier 1804, est, sans aucun doute, l\u2019une des plus grandes r\u00e9volutions de l\u2019histoire de l\u2019humanit\u00e9.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1421,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1664","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-non-classifiee"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v19.10 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Ha\u00efti : o\u00f9 l&#039;on en est? 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